Energy efficiency index for transport

Energy efficiency of transport improved by 0.7%/year, on average, between 2000 and 2023, as measured by ODEX that combines the energy efficiency trends of the different modes of transport (cars, trucks and light vehicles, bus, motorcycles, air, waterways, rail). Since 2021 progress has been negligible.
Energy efficiency progress for cars was slower (0.4%/year), and quite low since 2014, because of an increase in the specific consumption of new thermal cars until 2019,, and to the fact that the share of electric cars in the stock is still low.
For trucks and light vehicles, energy efficiency has been improving rapidly since 2012 (1.3%/year). There was no efficiency progress between 2008 and 2012 because of the economic crisis.
Important energy efficiency progress was achieved over 2000-2023 in rail transport (2.2%/year).

Discrepancies are observed in energy efficiency gains in transport in EU countries: from around 2.5%/year in Greece to less than 0.4%/year in Slovenia, Czechia, Croatia, Romania, Hungary and the Netherlands.