Average energy consumption per dwelling

  • Energy consumption per dwelling has decreased in almost all countries between (-0,7%/year at EU level since 2000) with the largest reduction between 2008 and 2014 in most countries.
  • Since 2014, the reduction has slowed down significantly in most countries. Consumption even increased in some Member States (>+1%/year in Malta, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Romania, Ireland, and Portugal).  
  • The EU average energy consumption per dwelling in 2021 was 1.35 toe/dwelling, with values ranging from 0.6 to 2 toe/dwelling among Member States , i.e. by a factor 3.3. These values do not take into account climatic differences between countries (see below the comparison with an adjustment to the same climate).

Average consumption per dwelling (at normal climate)

Variation of average consumption per dwelling (at normal climate)

  • The comparison between countries is more relevant if the heating consumption is adjusted to the same climate (EU average climate).
  • After adjustment to the average EU climate, the gap between countries becomes narrower (factor 2.2) with values ranging from 0.9 toe/dwelling in Lithuania to 2 toe/dwelling in Luxembourg. After adjustment, Luxembourg, Croatia, Belgium, Ireland and Italy have the highest consumption per dwelling.

Average consumption per dwelling (adjusted to EU climate, 2021)

Note: Malta and Cyprus not adjusted.