Average energy consumption per dwelling

Energy consumption per dwelling has decreased in almost all countries (-1.1%/year at EU level since 2010) with the largest reduction since 2019 (-2.9%/year, at EU level) in most countries.
Between 2010 and 2019, the reduction was significantly slow in most countries. Consumption even slightly increased in 5 Member States (Malta, Bulgaria, Romania, Poland and Latvia).
The EU average energy consumption per dwelling in 2023 was 1.2 toe, with values ranging from 0.5 to 1.8 toe/dwelling among Member States. These values do not take into account climatic differences between countries (see below the comparison with an adjustment to the same climate).

The comparison between countries is more relevant if the heating consumption is adjusted to the same climate (EU average climate).
After adjustment to the average EU climate, the gap between countries is narrowing slightly (factor 2.5) with values ranging from 0.82 toe/dwelling in Lithuania to 2.1 toe/dwelling in Croatia. After adjustment, Croatia, Luxembourg, Italy, Hungary and Belgium have the highest consumption per dwelling.

Note: Malta and Cyprus not adjusted.

Combined