Final Consumers | Energy efficiency trends of final consumers

Energy efficiency of final consumers improved by 1.1 %/year between 2000 and 2023. These improvements have accelerated since 2019 (1.5%/year on average), after a slow progression over 2014-2019 (0.7%/year). The recent intensification in energy efficiency progress may be partly linked to high energy prices from 2021.
The largest gains are for households and industry (1.6%/year and 1.4%/year since 2000, respectively).
A slighter slowdown is visible for industry after the 2008 economic crisis (0.9%/year from 2008 to 2020 against 1.6%/year previously). However, the trend seems accelerating again since 2020 (-2%/year).
Slower improvement in transport (0.7%/year), with a stabilisation since 2021.
Energy efficiency in services has improved at an average pace of 0.5%/year since 2000.

Energy efficiency has been progressing faster after 2019 than before in 15 Member States.
Belgium, Lithuania, Denmark, Netherlands and Switzerland show the steadiest progress since 2019, higher than 2%/year, while the EU average is 1.5%/year.