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Last update November 2025
EU refers to the EU27
Drivers of total energy supply variation
- Between 2019 and 2023, total energy supply decreased by 160 Mtoe at EU level.
- Final consumption decreased by 72 Mtoe and only explained 45% of this reduction.
- Changes in the power mix explained around 30% of the reduction in total energy supply (-44 Mtoe), thanks to important renewable electricity development).
- The rest of the reduction is explained by changes in other transformations and non-energy uses (-18 Mtoe, each) and to a reduction in power production (-7 Mtoe).
Variation in total energy supply 2019-2023 (EU)
- Between 2010 and 2019, total energy supply at EU level decreased by 120 Mtoe.
- Final consumption only explained 40% of that decrease (- 42 Mtoe).
- Changes in the power sector had even a greater contribution to this reduction (-55 Mtoe), mostly linked to changes in the power mix, with the diffusion of renewables (-43 Mtoe) and the rest to efficiency improvements of thermal power plants (12 Mtoe).
- The rest of the reduction was equally due to non-energy uses and changes in other transformations (-10 Mtoe each).
Variation in total energy supply 2010-2019 (EU)