Final consumption by energy (EU)

  • Moderate progression of the share of electricity in EU final energy consumption (from 22% in 2010 to 23% in 2019 and 23.5% in 2023) and for biomass and solar (renewable) (from 9% to 11.5%). 
  • Decreasing share for gas (from 22.5% in 2010 to 20% in 2023) and for coal (3.5% to 2%).
  • Stable share for oil (38%) and heat (5%).

Fuel mix in the EU

  • Oil is the main energy source consumed by final consumers in most EU countries, except in the Netherlands (main energy is gas), Finland and Sweden (electricity for both).

Fuel mix in the EU, 2023 (in %)