Download pdf
Last update November 2025
EU refers to the EU27
Decreasing energy consumption in all sectors
- Final energy consumption is decreasing at EU level since 2019 in all sectors , especially in industry and buildings (above 2%/year) : -2.9%/year for industry, -2.3%/year for residential, -2.1%/year for services; lower reduction in transport and agriculture (-1.4%/year for agriculture and -0.8%/year for transport).
- This decrease began with the financial crisis of 2008/2009 and continued between 2010 and 2019 in industry, residential and services but at a much slower rate (from 0.2%/year to 0.5%/year). Agriculture and transport consumption have increased between 2010 and 2019 (by 0.2%/year and by 0.5%/year, respectively).
Final energy consumption trends (EU, normal climate)
- Total electricity consumption decreased by 1.5%/year between 2019 and 2023 as a result of opposing sectoral trends.
- Consumption decreased rapidly in industry and agriculture (-3%/year), as well as in buildings, at a lower rate; it increased significantly in transport (5%/year), which however represents a low share of electricity consumption (2%).
- Between 2010 and 2019, electricity consumption slightly decreased in buildings and increased in agriculture and transport. Total electricity consumption remained almost stable.
Final electricity consumption trends (EU)