Relative levels of energy intensities by branch (machinery = 1) in the EU

  • Primary metals, the most energy intensive branch, require around 29 times more energy to produce one unit of value added than machinery, the lowest energy intensive branch.
  • Non-metallic minerals and paper are around 22 times more intensive. 
  • Due to that fact, a reduction in the share of these energy intensive branches in the industrial value added coupled with an increase in the share of transport equipment and machinery will result, all things being equal, in a reduction of the average energy intensity of manufacturing.

Relative levels of energy intensities by branch (machinery = 1) in 2023 (EU)