Sectoral Profile - Households

OverviewTransportIndustryHouseholdsServices

Last update December 2023

EU refers to the EU27

Energy consumption by end-use

• The breakdown of household energy consumption by end-use differs substantially between Member States.
  
• Space heating has the highest share in this consumption in most countries (except Malta). It represents on average 0.86 toe/dwelling (in a range of 0.13 to 1.52 toe/dwelling).
  
• The second highest share is electrical appliances and lighting or water heating depending on countries, except for Portugal where cooking comes second. Electrical appliances and lighting consumption ranges from 0.15 to 0.3 toe/dwelling.
  
• Water heating consumption varies from 0.13 to 0.34 toe/household. 
• Air cooling still represents a marginal share of dwelling consumption in most countries except Malta, Cyprus, Greece and Croatia, where it ranges between 0,03 toe/dwelling and 0.099 toe/dwelling.
  

Specific consumption of households by end-use (2021)