Passenger mobility per capita

  • The average mobility per capita (km/year) has decreased in all countries between 2019 and 2021 (-18% at EU level) due to measures to fight COVID. It ranged from 6 600 km/year in Croatia to 13 800 km/year in Luxembourg in 2021. 
  • Previously, it has increased in all countries between 2000 and 2019, except Belgium, the Netherlands and Spain (+12% at EU level); it however decreased between 2000 and 2010 in several countries such as Czechia, Italy, Denmark and France following the 2008/2009 financial crisis.

Passenger mobility per capita

  • The use of transport public has increased between 2000 and 2019 in 70% of EU countries (+6% at EU level or 115 km). It has decreased in some Eastern and Southern countries (Slovakia, Bulgaria, Poland, Hungary, Portugal, Spain, Greece and Slovenia).
  • The use of public transport fell in all EU countries in 2020 due to travel restrictions and social distancing measures to fight COVID outbreak (-43% at EU level). It recovered only very partially in 2021 (+15%, which means a level 34% lower than 2019). The result is that all countries, except Romania, saw a lower use of public transport in 2021 compared to 2000.
  • Austria, Hungary, Luxembourg and Italy have the highest use of public transport in 2021 (above 1,900 km/year), compared to an EU average of around 1,450 km/year whereas Lithuania, the Netherlands and Malta have the lowest use (below 800 km/year)

Mobility of public transport per capita